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Islamic calendar ramadan 2021
Islamic calendar ramadan 2021











(With optical aids this should also be possible from North Africa, Central Africa and the Iberian Peninsula.) In most Muslim countries to the east of this point, including the Netherlands, this will not be the case until the following evening, Thursday 13 May.Īccording to the Diyanet calendar and the Umm al-Qura calendar, Ramadan begins on the evening of Monday 12 April and ends on the evening of Wednesday 12 May. The lunar crescent that marks the end of Ramadan will be visible for the first time with the naked eye from the western part of Africa on Wednesday evening 12 May. Remarkably, the announced first sighting of the lunar crescent from the Arabian peninsula often turns out to fall on an evening when, according to astronomical calculations, this is actually not possible at all. Therefore, religious authorities in Saudi Arabia check the calculated dates with the actual sighting of the crescent moon from the Arabian peninsula during the beginning (and the end) of Ramadan and the beginning of the month of pilgrimage (Dhu al-Hijjah), with which the dates of the hajj (annual pilgrimage) and the Feast of Sacrifice are determined. However, the calculated starting dates of the months are usually one day earlier than those in a lunar calendar that is based on the actual visibility of the crescent moon from Mecca. This Umm al-Qura calendar is a calculated lunar calendar, in which each month starts on the evening on which the moon, as seen theoretically from the Ka’aba in Mecca, sets later than the sun for the first time. In addition, many Dutch-Moroccan Muslims follow the lunar calendar of Saudi Arabia. This means that they do not know for sure until the evening itself when Ramadan begins (and ends). With these calendars, there is never any discussion about the correct date and the dates for the most important Muslim festivals can be determined years in advance.Īmong Dutch-Moroccan Muslims, some follow a lunar calendar which is determined on the basis of the actual observation of the lunar crescent from Morocco. Muslims in the Far East, including Indonesia and Malaysia, follow a similar calculated lunar calendar. Turkish Muslims follow a calculated lunar calendar, the Diyanet calendar, in which each month begins on the evening on which, according to astronomical calculations, the crescent moon could be seen somewhere on the globe. For example, Dutch Muslims follow no less than three different lunar calendars which sometimes differ by one or more days. In Western countries, where Muslims of various origins live, different lunar calendars are used, which often causes confusion. However, depending on the calculation methods and approaches used, this may differ from a calendar based strictly on observations of the lunar crescent. That is why many Muslim organisations use a calculated lunar calendar. And of course, local weather conditions play a crucial role: if it is cloudy, there is little to see. Moreover, the visibility of the narrow lunar crescent strongly depends on where you are on the globe. However, this is more difficult than it seems, as it requires a certain familiarity with celestial phenomena. Photo: Beat Schuler on Unsplash TraditionĪccording to Islamic tradition, each day in the Islamic calendar begins at sunset and each month begins on the evening on which the narrow lunar crescent, just after the new moon, can be seen for the first time shortly after sunset low in the west with the naked eye.













Islamic calendar ramadan 2021